CrPC Section 34
CrPC Section 34 – Power of two or more Magistrates to sit together
This section deals with the situation where two or more Magistrates of the First Class (or any specially empowered Magistrates) may be directed to work together and exercise their powers jointly.
Main Points of Section 34
Joint Sitting of Magistrates
If the State Government feels it is necessary for efficient administration of justice, it may direct two or more Magistrates of the First Class to sit together.
They can then exercise their powers jointly within a specified area.
Purpose
This provision exists to handle cases that may be complicated, sensitive, or require collective decision-making.
It ensures fairness and balance, especially in situations where a single Magistrate might not be sufficient.
Nature of Cases
The joint Magistrates may deal with any case, inquiry, or trial within their jurisdiction.
They have the same powers as a single Magistrate but act together.
Decision-Making
When two or more Magistrates sit together, decisions are taken collectively.
Generally, this works on the principle of majority opinion. If all agree, the order is unanimous; if not, the majority view prevails.
Authority
The authority for this joint sitting comes directly from the State Government’s order.
Without such direction, Magistrates cannot automatically sit together.
Objective of Section 34
To strengthen the judicial process in complex matters.
To reduce chances of bias, because decisions are made jointly.
To ensure greater reliability and confidence in judgments, especially in sensitive or high-profile cases.
Example for Better Understanding
Suppose there is a riot case in a district involving many accused persons and sensitive political issues.
The State Government may direct that two Judicial Magistrates First Class should conduct the trial together.
This way, no single Magistrate is under pressure, and the case is decided with combined wisdom.
✅ In summary:
Section 34 CrPC empowers the State Government to direct two or more First Class Magistrates to sit together and exercise their powers jointly. This provision is mainly to ensure fairness, collective decision-making, and better handling of complicated or sensitive cases.
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