Penology in Macau
Penology in Macau reflects a balanced approach, integrating rehabilitation-focused programs within a secure and structured penal system. Here's an overview of the current state of penology in Macau:
🏛️ Penal System Overview
Macau's penal system is governed by the Penal Code of Macau, which prohibits capital punishment and life imprisonment. The maximum prison sentence is capped at 30 years. In 2024, a new prison facility with a capacity for 2,700 inmates became operational, aiming to alleviate overcrowding issues at the previous Coloane Prison .(Wikipedia, Plataforma Media)
🎓 Rehabilitation and Education Initiatives
A notable rehabilitation initiative is the Prison Outreach Programme, a collaboration between the University of Saint Joseph (USJ) and the Correctional Services Bureau. Launched in 2009, this program offers incarcerated individuals the opportunity to pursue a Bachelor of Social Work degree. The program is structured in three phases:(USJ Macao, USJ Macao)
In-Prison Education: Inmates undertake social work modules within the correctional facility.
Post-Release Education: Released individuals continue their studies at USJ's campus.
Degree Completion: Students complete the program and receive a degree in social work .(USJ Macao)
The program is currently available only to male inmates, with no provisions for female prisoners .(Macau Business)
⚖️ Legal Framework and Sentencing
Macau's legal system employs a day-fine mechanism, where fines are calculated based on the offender's financial capacity. Article 45 of the Penal Code specifies that fines should range from 10 to 360 days, with each day-fine costing between 50 and 10,000 Macanese patacas .(Wikipedia)
📌 Conclusion
Macau's penological approach emphasizes rehabilitation and reintegration, supported by modern infrastructure and educational initiatives. While the system has made significant strides, expanding educational opportunities to include female inmates and diversifying programs could further enhance its rehabilitative impact.
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