Supreme Court Australia
Australia's highest judicial authority is the High Court of Australia, which serves as the nation's supreme court.
High Court of Australia:
Establishment: Established in 1903 under the Judiciary Act 1903 (Cth), the High Court exercises both original and appellate jurisdiction as defined by the Australian Constitution.
Composition: The court comprises seven justices, including a Chief Justice. As of November 2023, the Chief Justice is Stephen Gageler. citeturn0search15
Jurisdiction:
- Original Jurisdiction: The High Court has original jurisdiction in matters such as disputes between states, issues involving the Constitution, and cases where the Commonwealth is a party.
- Appellate Jurisdiction: It hears appeals from state and territory supreme courts, as well as federal courts, provided special leave is granted. citeturn0search15
Recent Developments:
- Native Title Compensation Ruling (2025): On March 12, 2025, the High Court ruled that native title is considered property under the Australian Constitution. This landmark decision mandates that the Commonwealth compensate Aboriginal peoples for lands acquired without fair compensation, potentially involving significant payments for actions dating from 1911 to 1978.
Location
- Building: The High Court is located in Canberra, within the Parliamentary Triangle, overlooking Lake Burley Griffin. The purpose-built building has been its home since 1980.
The High Court plays a crucial role in interpreting the Constitution, shaping Australian law, and ensuring justice across the nation.
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