Cyberbullying in India
🔍 Cyberbullying in India: An Overview
1. What is Cyberbullying?
Cyberbullying means using digital technologies, such as social media, messaging apps, websites, or emails, to harass, threaten, embarrass, or target another person.
It includes:
Posting harmful or false content
Sending abusive messages
Sharing private information without consent
Online stalking or trolling
2. Legal Framework Governing Cyberbullying in India
Cyberbullying is mainly addressed under the Information Technology Act, 2000 (IT Act) and the Indian Penal Code (IPC).
Key Provisions:
| Law / Section | Description |
|---|---|
| Section 66A, IT Act (Repealed) | Earlier penalized sending offensive messages online (now struck down by Supreme Court) |
| Section 66(2), IT Act | Punishment for identity theft and fraud |
| Section 66E, IT Act | Punishment for violation of privacy (e.g., sharing private images) |
| Section 67, IT Act | Publishing obscene material in electronic form |
| Section 67A, IT Act | Publishing child pornography |
| Section 72, IT Act | Breach of confidentiality and privacy |
| Section 354D, IPC | Stalking (including cyberstalking) |
| Section 499 & 500, IPC | Defamation |
| Section 507, IPC | Criminal intimidation by anonymous communication |
| Section 503, IPC | Criminal intimidation |
3. Key Challenges in Addressing Cyberbullying
Anonymity: Offenders often use fake profiles.
Jurisdiction: Cybercrimes transcend state and national boundaries.
Lack of Awareness: Many victims don’t know legal remedies.
Delayed Action: Police may lack cyber expertise.
Privacy Concerns: Balancing free speech and privacy rights.
4. Recent Legal Developments
The Supreme Court and various High Courts have recognized cyberbullying as a serious offence.
Some states have started cybercrime cells and helplines.
The government periodically updates IT Rules for social media intermediaries to curb abuse.
5. How to Address Cyberbullying Legally?
File a complaint with local police or cybercrime cell.
Report abuse on social media platforms — most have dedicated mechanisms.
Preserve evidence: Screenshots, messages, URLs.
Seek protection orders or civil remedies if necessary.
Approach courts for interim relief or damages.
6. Preventive Measures
Use strong privacy settings on social media.
Avoid sharing sensitive personal information.
Educate children and youth about online safety.
Promote digital literacy and responsible internet use.
7. Important Case Law
Shreya Singhal v. Union of India (2015) — struck down Section 66A but emphasized the need to balance free speech with protection from online abuse.
K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India (2017) — affirmed privacy as a fundamental right.
📢 Summary
Cyberbullying in India is a growing concern intersecting technology, law, and society. The legal framework is evolving but still faces challenges in effective enforcement. Awareness, timely action, and digital responsibility are crucial to tackle it.
If you'd like, I can help you with:
How to draft a complaint for cyberbullying.
Steps to report on specific social media platforms.
Latest amendments or government schemes related to cyber safety.
Do write to us if you need any further assistance.
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