Cyber Law at Belize
Belize has developed a comprehensive legal and strategic framework to address cyber threats, focusing on legislation, national strategy, and international cooperation.
Cybercrime Act No. 32 of 2020
Enacted in 2020, the Cybercrime Act criminalizes various cyber offenses, including:
Illegal access to computer systems and data
Data and system interference
Identity theft and fraud
Child exploitation
Cyberbullying and harassment
Copyright infringement
The Act also outlines procedural measures for law enforcement, such as storage directions, search warrants, and remote forensic tools orders. It mandates service providers to retain traffic data and subscriber information, and includes provisions for international cooperation in line with the Budapest Convention
Data Protection Act 2021
Passed in 2021, the Data Protection Act regulates the collection, use, and dissemination of personal data, aiming to protect individuals' privacy rights. It establishes guidelines for data controllers and processors, and sets forth individuals' rights regarding their personal data
National Cybersecurity Strategy (2020–2023)
Launched in 2020, Belize's National Cybersecurity Strategy focuses on:
Developing a robust legislative framework
Enhancing incident response and protecting critical infrastructure
Building capacity through education and public awareness
The strategy was developed through a multi-stakeholder approach, involving government agencies, the private sector, academia, and civil society, with guidance from the Organization of American States and the United Kingdom
International Cooperation
Belize has signed the Second Additional Protocol to the Council of Europe's Convention on Cybercrime, facilitating international cooperation in cybercrime investigations. The country also participates in initiatives like the GLACY+ project, implemented by the Council of Europe, to enhance its cybercrime legislation and procedural measures.
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