Artificial Intelligence law at Eritrea
As of May 2025, Eritrea does not have specific national legislation or regulatory frameworks dedicated to artificial intelligence (AI). The country is in the early stages of addressing the legal and ethical implications of emerging technologies, including AI.(Erilaw)
🇪🇷 National AI Policy and Institutional Developments
Eritrea's approach to AI is primarily focused on research and development. The Artificial Intelligence Institute (AII) is the central body tasked with promoting AI in the country. Established to foster data-driven AI systems, the AII's mission includes:(Artificial Intelligence Institute -)
Conducting AI research and development to solve national challenges.
Designing and implementing AI strategies aligned with the country's development goals.
Establishing national AI infrastructure and databases.
Formulating AI policies, laws, and regulatory frameworks.
Collaborating with public and private entities on AI initiatives.
Enhancing AI research capacity and innovation skills.
Supporting national security decision-making through AI technology.
Promoting AI in urban administration, disaster prevention, and environmental challenges.
Facilitating AI education and training in collaboration with domestic and foreign institutions.
Collaborating with law enforcement agencies in crime prevention and investigation using AI technology.
Ensuring that AI supports national economic and social programs.(Artificial Intelligence Institute -)
The AII also plays a role in certifying imported AI technologies for domestic use and creating systems for data collection and analysis to support national development .(Artificial Intelligence Institute -)
📚 Legal and Ethical Considerations
The Eritrean Law Society (ELS) is dedicated to exploring and addressing the legal and ethical implications of emerging technologies, including AI. The ELS provides education and training for legal professionals, government officials, and the public on the legal and ethical considerations surrounding these technologies. Additionally, the ELS conducts research and advocacy on the development of laws and regulations related to these technologies to ensure they align with international standards and protect the rights of Eritrean citizens .(Erilaw)
🌍 Regional and International Engagement
Eritrea is a member of the African Union (AU), which has adopted a policy brief to promote AI governance under the "Make Africa Digital" campaign. This policy underscores the need for investment in infrastructure, inclusive legislation, public-private partnerships, and capacity building to ensure that AI contributes to sustainable development in Africa .(DPA)
Additionally, UNESCO has released a Consultation Paper to assist lawmakers globally in designing policies that balance innovation with ethical considerations, human rights, and social impact. This paper emphasizes the importance of creating regulatory frameworks that promote technological innovation while protecting fundamental human rights and ensuring transparency .(Africa Press Arabic)
⚠️ Challenges and Considerations
Despite these initiatives, Eritrea faces several challenges in developing a comprehensive AI regulatory framework:
Limited Digital Infrastructure: The country has limited digital infrastructure, which may hinder the development and implementation of AI technologies.
Lack of Comprehensive Legislation: There is currently no comprehensive national legislation specifically addressing AI, which may lead to regulatory gaps and challenges in governance.
Capacity Building Needs: There is a need for capacity building in both the public and private sectors to effectively manage and regulate AI technologies.
Addressing these challenges will require concerted efforts from the government, institutions, and international partners to develop a robust legal and regulatory framework for AI.
🔍 Conclusion
While Eritrea does not yet have specific national legislation dedicated to AI, the country is taking steps toward integrating AI into its development agenda. Through institutions like the Artificial Intelligence Institute and the Eritrean Law Society, Eritrea is exploring the legal and ethical implications of AI and working towards developing policies and frameworks that align with international standards. Continued efforts in capacity building, infrastructure development, and international collaboration will be essential for establishing a comprehensive AI regulatory framework in Eritrea.(Erilaw)
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